Reversible marine turbine-engine.



No. 782,879. I PATENTED FEB. 21, 1905. J. SCOTT.

REVERSIBLE MARINE TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1S QM, Mhm 737 PATENTED FEB. 21, 1905.

J. SCOTT. REVERSIBLE MARINE TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 8. 1904.

2. SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' cylinder, the casing or stand, and the valve.

- To all whom, it may concern:

elevation through the broken vertical line B 'B in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

UNITED STATES JOHN SCOTT, OF HAMILTON, CANADA,

Patented February 21, 1905.

Assieuos or ONE-HALF TO GEORGE EDMOND HUSBAND, OF HAMILTON, ONTARIO, CANADA.

REVERSIBLE MARINE TURBINE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,879, dated February 21, 1905.

Application filed July 8, 1904. Serial No. 215,716.

Be it known that I, JOHN Soorr, a citizen of Canada, and a resident of Hamilton, in the county of VVentworth and Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented new and useful Improvements in Reversible Marine Turbine- Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in turbine-engines in which a turbine-piston in steps or cones is suitably mounted in a corresponding stationary cylinder With an integral casing or stand with a parallel bore or seating for a valve, steam-ports and steamexhaust ports communicating with the bores of the cylinder and the valve-seating.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide a turbine-engine which shall have a graduated successive steam-pressure upon the turbine-piston to revolve the same; second, to provide a turbine-engine that is capable of reversible motion when at high speed; third, to provide a turbine-engine of high pressure and graduated low pressure, and, fourth, to afford facilities for momently reversing the motion of the revolving turbine-piston in such a manner that no jar or strain shall be upon the turbine-piston. Iattain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation of the turbine-engine. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the Fig. 3 is a detail elevation of the turbine-piston. Fig. i is a cross sectional elevation through the broken vertical line A A in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional Fig. 6 is a sectionalelevation of the cylinder casing or stand, showing the steam-port holes connecting the horizontal bore for the steam-valve and the step or enlarged bores of the cylinder; also the steam-exhaust ports. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the turbine-piston through the first set of blades in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the turbine-pistonthrough the second set of bladesin Fig. 3 of the drawings. Fig. 9 is a cross-section of the turbine- 1 piston through the third set of blades in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Fig. 10 is a cross-section of the turbine-piston through the first set of blades of the largest or last step of the piston in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Fig. 11 is a detail cross-section of the horizontal tubular controlling-valve.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings the stationary turbine-cylinder is indicated by M and has step-bores 2, 3, 4, and 5, each said bore enlarged step by step from the small end thereof and each said bore horizontal and parallel. More or less similar bores may be applied in a cylinder, according to the size and purpose of the engine, especially marine engines. The cylinder-covers 6 and 7 are secured to the ends of the cylinder in the usual manner.

8 is the cylinder casing or stand and is integral with the cylinder. The bore 9 for the tubular valve 10 extends from end to end of the casing and parallel with the center of the turbine-cylinder M and 'is parallel in itself that is, the bore or seating 9 is a parallel bore. The bore or seating 9 communicates with the series of bores 2, 3, 4E, and 5 of the cylinder M by means of the series of steam-port holes 12, 13, and 14s and are shown in each side of each said step of the bore of the cylinder, one side of which is shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. The steam-port holes referred to commence in the valve-seating 9 at each side of the vertical broken line E E through the center of the said seating 9 and through the center of the bore of the cylinder M, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, Fig. 5 of the drawings being similar. The steam-port holes extend obliquely from said seating 9 to and through the sides of the step-bores of the cylinder in direct oblique line, as shown in Figs. 9 4 and 5 of the drawings. The steam ports 12 and 13 in said Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings are on each side of the broken vertical line E E and F F, respectively. In Fig. 6 of the drawings said steam-ports are shown in vertical line and parallel with each other and similar to each other in every step-bore of the cylinder. All the steam-ports 12, 13, and 14:

are similar and extend from the valve-seating 9 to the inside of the several step-bores of the cylinder and on each side of the cylinder. The steam-exhaust ports are indicated by 15, 16, 17, and 18 and extend from said step-bores of the cylinder to the valve-seating 9 and communicate with said step-bores and the seating 9. The steam-exhaust ports 15, 16, 17, and 18 are separated by the walls 19 at each step-bore of the cylinder and curve and extend to the valve-chambers 20, 21, and 22, which are opposite to the next higher step or enlarged bore of the cylinder and at the righthand side of the partitions 30 of the valve 10, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6 of the drawings. 23 is the steam-exhaust outlet-port to convey the exhaust-steam from the last exhaust-port 18. The first exhaust-port 15-that is, the exhaustport in the smallest bore 2 of the cylinderreceives the exhaust of the live steam and discharges the exhaust-steam into the valvechamber 20, and the second, third, and fourth exhaust-ports 16, 17, and-18, respectively, receive the expansion-steam of the said first exhaust-port in successive order, hereinafter more fully explained in the operation of the engine.

The turbine-piston 2 1 has a through central shaft or end journals 25, shown in the central bearings of the cylinder-covers 6 and 7, and which extend through said covers. The shaft 25 is broken and may extend to transmit power.

The turbine-piston is constructed as a cone or in steps similar to the bore of the cylinder M, only considerably smaller in diameter. Each step or enlarged part, including the first or smallest part of the piston, is provided with a number of sets of blades 27, 28, and 29. All the blades alluded to, together with the blades 31, 32, and 33 of the four steps of the piston, lit snugly in the four step-bores of the cylinder and form the turbine-piston to revolve in the cylinder together with its central shaft 25. Each step of the turbine-piston has three sets of blades around the periphery thereof. Each said set comprises eight blades or wings. Each said set of blades are apart and distinct from each other and are divided by the walls 26. The blades or wings are on the peripheries 24 of the piston and transverse therewith. Each set of eight blades on the peripheries of the piston are arranged in different order to and.apart from the preceding set of eight blades throughout the piston. In one section or step of the piston the second or middle set of blades are arranged at a different radial angle to the preceding blades and the third set of blades on the same step are arranged at a different radial angle to the second or middle set of blades, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 of the drawings.

All the blades on the four steps of the turbine-piston are similar to each other in construction and for a similar purpose--namely,

to receive steam alternately and successively from and through the tubular valve 10. The tubular valve 10 extends from end to end of the valve-seating 9 of the stand 8. (Shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.) The tubular valve has oblong openings 38 and is adapted to slightly and independently rotate both ways in its seating 9 by means of the lever 39, which is connected to the shank or protruding end 10 of said piston. The opposite end of the tubular valve is flush with the easing 8, and a steam-pipe connection 11 is connected to the casing to allow live-steam-inlet connection with the valve. The valve 10 has partitions 30, which divide the high-pressure steam from the graduated exhaust low-pressure steam and form separate chambers 42, 20, 21, and 22 in the tubular valve, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The operation of the engine is as follows: The steam enters the tubular valve 10 through the steam-pipe 41, then passes through the first opening 38 of said valvethat is, at the small end of the cylinderthence through the three steam-ports 12 on right-hand side. (Shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings.) The steam then enters the smallest bore part 2 of the cylinder M and strikes the blades 27,28,and 29 of the smallest or first part of the turbine-piston in quick succession. The exhaust-steam then passes through the first or left-hand end exhaustport 15 and into the second chamber 20 of the valve 10. The steam at this time has expanded and now passes through similar steamports 12 and strikes the blades 31 of the turbine-piston in quick succession. The exhaust steam then returns into the third chamber 21 of the valve 10, the same being repeated according to the number of steps in the cylinder and on the turbinepiston. When the right-hand end exhaust-port 18 is reached by the exhaust expansion-steam, the exhauststeam passes through the exhaust-passage 23, which is through one side of the casing 8. (Shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.) In order to reverse the motion of the turbine-pistonthat is, of the enginethe hand-lever 39 is brought forward, together with the valve 10, until the horizontal openings 38 of said valve is brought opposite to-the left-hand side steamports. (Shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.) With this motion of the valve all the right-hand side steam-ports are closed by the body of the valve. The drawings show the valve in position covering the entrance of the left-hand side steam-ports. Therefore the right-hand side steam-ports are open and the turbine-piston revolves, as indicated by arrows in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings. In the drawings all the right-hand side steamports 12, 13, and 14 in each step of the cylinder are shown open to receive steam. When the valve 10 is slightly rotated by means of the lever 39, the said steam-ports are closed by the body of said valve, and consequently IOf the steam-ports on the opposite side of the cylinder and stand are opened to receive the steam and reverse the engine.

Thesteam-ports referred to on both sides of the engine are identical in shape and size and opposite to each other and for the same purposethat is, the steam-ports on one side of the engine when open revolve the piston in one direction, and the steam-ports on the opposite side of the engine when open revolve said piston in an opposite direction.

It will be noticed that of the ninety-six blades on the piston each blade is separate and distinct from the other blades and is independent and receives steam to revolve the piston independently of the other blades, though all the blades coact in unison and together; also that this class of turbine-engine is specially adapted for reversible motion suitable and necessary in marine engines.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a turbine steam-engine, a cylinder, step-bores in the cylinder, a piston fitting said bores, a casing integral therewitlna steamvalve, a horizontal seating for the steam-valve and extending through the casing and parallel with the center of said bores, steamports communicating with the sides of said valveseating and with each side of the step-bores, and steam-exhaust ports communicating with the lower central part of said step-bores and with said seating, substantially as described and set forth.

2. In a turbine steam-engine, a cylinder, step-bores in the cylinder, a piston fitting said bores, an integral casing, a horizontal valve; a seating for said valve extending through said casing steam-ports communicating with the sidesof the seating and with each side of the step-bores, steam-exhaust ports communicating with the step-bores and between said steam-ports, and with said seating, substantially as described and set forth.

3. In a turbine steam-engine, a cylinder, step-bores in the cylinder, a piston fitting said bores, an integral casing, covers on the ends of the cylinder, a horizontal valve-seating in the casing extending the length of the cylinder, a number of steam-ports communicating with the sides of the seating and with both sides of the step-bores, steam-exhaust ports between the steam-ports and communicating with the step-bores and the seating, a tubular valve in the seating-openings in the valve opposite to the steam-ports on .one side of the cylinder, and with the exhaust ports, and adapted to rotate and close said steam-ports and communicate with the opposite steamports, substantially as described and set forth.

4. In a turbine steam-engine, a cylinder, step-bores in the cylinder, covers on the ends of the cylinder, a step turbine-piston, a central shaft through the piston and extending through said covers, sets of blades on each periphery of the piston, each said set apart and of varying radial angles to thepiston and fitting the step-bores of the cylinder, and adapted to revolve in either direction in the cylinder.

5. In a turbine steam-engine, a turbine-piston in steps, a central shaft, journals on the endsof the piston, a number of sets of blades on each said step of the piston, a wall separating each said set of blades apart and positioned atdifi erent radial angles to the next set of blades in proximity thereto, substantially as described and set forth.

6. In a turbine steam-engine, a casing, an integral cylinder, step-bores in the cylinder, a horizontal valve-seating extending through the casing, a turbine-piston, blades on the piston as described to fit in said step-bores and adapted to revolve therein, atubular valve in the casing, partitions in said valve, an opening in valve between said partitions, steam-ports and exhaust-ports communicating with said openings in the valve and with the sides of the step-bores, and means to admit steam into the valve and means to adjust said valve for reversing purposes, substantially as described and set forth.

7. In a turbine steam-engine, a cylinder, bores in step order in the cylinder, an integral casing, a horizontal valve-seating extending the length of the cylinder and parallel therewith, oblique steam-ports communicating with both sides of the seating and with both sides of the step-bores, steam-exhaust ports communicating with the seating and with the step-bores, and a tubular valve in the seating, substantial-1y as described and set forth.

8. In a turbine steam-engine, a cylinder, bores in step order in the cylinder, an integral casing, a horizontal tubular valve in the casing-partitions in the valve, openings in the valve between said partitions, oblique steam-ports communicating with said openings and the sides of the bores, steam-exhaust ports between said steam-ports and communicating with said bores and with said openings, means to admit steam to the valve and means to adjust the valve to operative and to reversible position, substantially as described and set forth.

JOHN SCOTT. Witnesses:

JOHN H. HENDRY, RICHARD BUTLER. 

